The difficulty is that the technique book defines a step as starting when the feet close, whereas the music (which the dancing is interpreting)is defined by its beats. Worse still, there is no specification of when a step starts relative to the musical beats.
So saying "rise at end of 1" is open to lots of intereptation (which ultimately is a good thing, but not for those trying to improve).
So, according to the text book, "start to rise end of 1" means starting as the left foot passes the right foot in the 1-2-3 natural turn. For most people, this time is on beat 1&.This is not the same as "end of beat 1"
The real problems (for me anyway) are:
When is "end of 3" in relation to the music? and
The technique book talks about rising...continue to rise... lower. So for how long am i actually "UP". Is it zero time?
Watching Sinkinson, Hilton and Gozzoli, they have important differences in the way they interpret all this.
On a related issue, what would you say to an aspiring improver
to help them improve their interpretation of the character of the slow waltz? - to get the 'lilt' of a previous thread